Cival War :: essays research papers

Abraham Lincoln and the Beginnings of Reconstruction Since the start of the nineteenth century, the quickly developing white populace and the similarly expanding slave populace had been increasing the contention between without slave Northern states and the slave-holding cotton belt South. Miserably separated over the issue of subjugation, thirty-one million American residents were in 1860 called upon to choose the sixteenth President of the United States of America. At the point when the abolitionist servitude Republican Abraham Lincoln was chosen on November 6, 1860, no kindred American could have even envisioned what extraordinary weight would lay upon the most elevated office in the years to come.[1] Lincoln’s political decision was a definitive trigger for eleven Southern states to pull back from the Union and start a urgent common war that went on for a long time. When it turned out to be clear the South couldn't win the war, the president was gone up against with the topic of Reconstruction, that is, to reestablish Federal position and build up faithful free state governments in the involved zones of the defiant South. In the early period of the war, Lincoln had supported a straightforward and quick rebuilding of all territories vanquished by Union armed forces. Be that as it may, when Lincoln neglected to reestablish the states’ old loyalties, he moved his arrangement towards a considerably more extreme proposition. By 1864, after the grisly battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg have yielded the lives of several thousands men, Lincoln settled that he would possibly permit slave states to reappear the Union in the event that they upheld both the abolishment of bondage and the foundation of dark testimonial. In the months following Lincoln’s political race, the nation self-destructed, starting with South Carolina in December, 1860. Inside four months, the conditions of Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, Virginia and Tennessee had all withdrawn and framed the new Confederated State of America.[2] Was the withdrawal of these states legitimate? Significantly more, was their severance protected? While the secessionists believed themselves to be completely inside their sacred rights, Lincoln industriously accepted that â€Å"the

The United States Constitution Essay Example for Free

The United States Constitution Essay I. The United States Constitution is basically a lot of rules that accommodates the structure of our administration, sets up the three principle parts of government and accommodates their capacities. It additionally contains an identification of the rights and freedoms of the individuals. It is a generally short record considering the job it plays in each country. Since the constitution contains just broad standards and strategies, it doesn't look to cover each projection. It additionally doesn't try to give an answer for each possible issues of man. Accordingly, questions among people with great influence and those between the administration and its residents are probably going to emerge. Under the constitution, it is the Supreme Court and different courts that are entrusted to decipher the constitution. The idea of legal translation has spread over various debates with respect to how the appointed authorities are to play out their protected capacity. Some state that the Supreme Court must stick to the standard of severe constructionism. Under this standard, in the event of questions in the understanding of any unclear and dubious arrangement of the Constitution, the Supreme Court should carefully translate its arrangement. As indicated by Law. com, exacting constructionism alludes to the understanding of the constitution â€Å"based on a strict and thin meaning of the language without reference to the distinctions in conditions when the Constitution was composed and present day conditions, innovations and cultural changes. (â€Å"Strict Construction†) This guideline is favored on the grounds that it secures against legal activism or legal enactment which implies that the Supreme Court goes past its capacity of negligible understanding and infringes upon the areas of the governing body. By following this rule, people in general can be guaranteed that the constitution won't be manhandled and its importance won't be changed relying upon the impulses and whims of the Justices of the Supreme Court. Exacting constructionism is stood out from the guideline of Original Intent. Under this standard, the unclear and suspicious arrangement of the constitution is deciphered by methods for discovering the plan of the composers of the constitution at the time it was instituted. They do this by looking at changed sources, including contemporary works, paper articles and the notes from the Constitutional Convention. This is favored contrasted with the rule of Strict Constructionism since it goes past the exacting wordings of the constitution and decides the explanation for the constitution. It attests that the motivation behind why the constitution was ambiguously composed and framed all in all terms is on the grounds that the designers needed the people in the future to allude to the expectation of the first designers of the constitution for direction. Among the contentions contrary to the rule of Original Intent is that the composers may have composed the constitution however it was the desire of the individuals who got it going and who endorsed it. Taking into account that they were just specialists and that the genuine principals are the agents to the Constitutional Convention and the individuals, an excessive amount of consideration regarding the plan of the composers ought to be tempered. Furthermore, even the composers had contrasts among themselves on certain issues. If there should arise an occurrence of question, which purpose ought to be maintained by the Supreme Court? For the current society, it is inconvenient that the expectation of an individual who has been dead for a few ages will be utilized as reason for significant choices that may influence a person’s life and his future. Among the contentions raised against severe constructionism is that it doesn't offer equity to the constitution. As a living record, the constitution must be deciphered as per its soul that offers life to it not as indicated by its severe and strict implying that slaughters it. II. The method in adolescent equity framework is basically unique contrasted with the system in grown-up courts. In criminal courts, our criminal equity framework considers the component of through and through freedom. This implies the court thinks about that when the wrongdoing was submitted, the equivalent was done determinedly and purposefully by somebody who is in full ownership of his intellectual capacities. Accordingly, the punishment forced is corresponding to the wrongdoing submitted. Then again, when an adolescent perpetrates a wrongdoing, the law considers that he needs full knowledge. The law thinks about that he is as yet corrigible. Subsequently, the accentuation isn't on discipline and discouragement yet on restoration. Coming up next are the distinctions in the procedures under the steady gaze of adolescent courts and grown-up criminal court: a) the procedures in the criminal court are open and as an issue of open arrangement the general population can access their records aside from on specific cases. Then again, adolescent courts keep the procedures hidden in order to maintain a strategic distance from social disgrace being set upon the adolescent; b) another distinction is that preliminary is carefully founded on the reality of the commission of wrongdoing. No other proof that looks to demonstrate the great character of the charged is commonly allowable. Then again, adolescent courts consider in its hearing the reality of the past record of the adolescent; c) the assurance in criminal courts is that the charged is either honest or liable. Then again, adolescent court’s deciding is that the adolescent is pronounced reprobate to secure the adolescent against the social shame; d) two procedures are engaged with adolescent courts, when the adolescent is decreed to be reprobate, another conference is led to decide the punishment to be forced. Then again, just a solitary preliminary is led in grown-up criminal courts. When the litigant is pronounced blameworthy, the seeing as of now incorporates the correct punishment as forced without the need of isolated hearing.

Hamlet Thesis

Hamlet Thesis Statement In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare composes of a catastrophe wherein Hamlet and Laertes both face a similar issue a killed father. The ways of retribution that every one of them take, equal their characters and characters all through the play. While Hamlet agonizes over the homicide of his dad for most of the play, Laertes makes prompt move, and after catching wind of the demise of his dad, he surges in and is prepared to execute Claudius-whom he suspects has murdered his dad. At the point when they initially hear the updates on their father’s passing, Hamlet and Laertes respond in totally different ways.When Hamlet hears that Claudius was the person who murdered his dad, his quick response was sadness. This is nothing unexpected, because of the way that he was all the while grieving the demise of his dad, in spite of the fact that every other person had just gotten over it. Indeed, a great many people imagined that he was trying too hard ,and Clau dius ventured to such an extreme as to disclose to him that he ought to get over it, and â€Å"Yet so far hath tact battled with nature that we with most astute distress think on him together with recognition of ourselves† (act one, scene two).The way that Hamlet designs his retribution, is more shrewd than the manner in which Laertes designs his. While Hamlet is an increasingly intelligent individual, as should be obvious from his brisk mind and mockery, Laertes is progressively imprudent and â€Å"acts, at that point thinks† as should be obvious when he says â€Å"I am legitimately murdered with mine own treachery† (demonstration five, scene two). In such a circumstance, had the play not finished the manner in which it did, Hamlet may have been increasingly effective in avenging his father’s murder in light of his obligation and intellect.Despite the way that Hamlet stalls, Hamlet was more brilliant in the manner in which he arranged his retribution sin ce his hesitation was because of his sorrow and premonition. Despite the fact that Laertes attribute of acting rapidly can be respected and takes care of business, in a circumstance that includes demise and retaliation, methodology and carefulness are an unquestionable requirement. From the earliest starting point of the play, we can see that Hamlet is a scholarly mastermind. Despite the fact that he accepts the apparition and articulates that â€Å"it is a genuine ghost† (act one, scene five) , he despite everything plays it safe after he guarantees the phantom that he will take revenge.However, Hamlet is still somewhat careful about the phantom and therefor chooses to fake frenzy with the goal that he would have the option to see whether Claudius was the genuine enemy of his dad. Indeed, even while pretending frenzy Hamlet ponders the entire procedure of the franticness. In contrast to Laertes, Hamlet is mindful so as not to uncover what the phantom has let him know and pos sibly confers to Horatio and Marcellus what happened when they swear on his blade that they could never discuss what they saw starting there on.One of the reasons why Hamlet is such a slowpoke is on the grounds that he gets made up for lost time in the subtleties and potential results. In the speech of â€Å"to be or not to be† (act three, scene two) Hamlet loses the will to live and considers whether it is justified, despite all the trouble to exist. Because of the way that Hamlet endured the passing of his dad at a youthful age just as well the same number of different hardships, Hamlet ponders whether â€Å"Tis nobler in the psyche to endure the slings and bolts of crazy fortune, or to take arms against the ocean of difficulties and by contradicting, end them?To bite the dust: to rest; no more;† (demonstration three, scene two). Be that as it may, from that point forward, Hamlet makes reference to the potential outcomes of the obscure in the afterlife. Because of th e demise of his dad and his mother’s hurried remarriage which Hamlet doesn't favor of, Hamlet is very much aware of the results of his activities and in this manner is reluctant to act impulsively. When arranging his retribution, Hamlet doesn't form a hasty opinion. At the point when the players come, Hamlet requests that they perform â€Å"The Mousetrap†-a play of a homicide like that of Hamlet's father's.Hamlet trusts that â€Å"The plays the thing wherein I'll get the soul of the king† (demonstration two, scene two). To be sure, the arrangement worked and when Claudius raged out of the theater, all of Hamlets doubts were affirmed. As Hamlet so persuasively noted, â€Å"What, startled with bogus fire? †, (act three, scene two) Hamlet was presently positive that Claudius was to blame for killing his dad. Something else that eases back Hamlet down in his arrangement of retribution is that he is a strict catholic, and he is exceptionally worried about mort ality.Hamlet is terrified that on the off chance that he executes Claudius, his father’s killer, his spirit will be doomed. Hamlet is additionally terrified that on the off chance that he murders Claudius while he is imploring, Claudius will go to paradise and that would not satisfy Hamlet since he said that â€Å"A lowlife slaughters my dad, and, for that, I, his sole child, do this equivalent scoundrel send to heaven† (act three, scene three). In spite of Hamlet, Laertes followed the energy in his heart. When he came back from France and heard the news, he attacked the royal residence, and afterward posed the inquiries the direct inverse of Hamlet.When Laertes hears that Hamlet murdered his dad, he communicates exceptional annoyance and straightforwardly declares his arrangement to deliver retribution. In his fury, Laertes hollers that â€Å"Let what comes come, just I’ll be vindicated most altogether for my father† (demonstration four, scene five) and decides to deliver retribution regardless of how or where. At the point when Hamlet heard that his dad had been killed by Claudius, he had just been lamenting his father’s passing for some time and in spite of the fact that the torment was still new, his father’s demise was old news to him.Therefore, Hamlet was as yet ready to think normally and plan his vengeance in a progressively savvy way. Notwithstanding, when Laertes found out about his father’s murder, he was so sadness stricken that he was unable to think sanely and just followed what his heart instructed him-to execute Hamlet. In contrast to Hamlet, Laertes has no issue â€Å"to cut his throat I' th' church! †(Act four, scene seven). To Laertes, mortality doesn't mean alot, as he so gruffly puts it-â€Å"Conscience and effortlessness, to the profoundest pit! I dare punishment. † (Act four, scene five) Due to his incautious nature, Laertes will in general be unsteady at times.However, Claud ius, who speculates Hamlets abnormal conduct, unites with Laertes to devise an arrangement to kill Hamlet. This demonstrates a shortcoming of Laertes'- being not able to complete his arrangements without any assistance. Together, they plan to slaughter Hamlet and even think of a reinforcement plan in the event that the first doesn't go as arranged. At long last, his arrangement of utilizing a harmed blade reverse discharges when Hamlet winds up utilizing the harmed blade on him. When saying something the advantages and disadvantages of every one of their characters and defects, Hamlet took the more brilliant course in avenging his father’s murder.Although both Hamlet and Laertes bite the dust toward the finish of the play, the explanation Hamlet executes himself is on the grounds that he didn't have anything to live for. Ophelia, the adoration for his life was dead, his dad was dead and Claudius had passed on. Since he didn't have anything to live for, he picked the choice of death. Then again, Laertes had no way out in light of the fact that his arrangement reverse discharges on him and executed him, as we see toward the end. Villas tolerance paid off in light of the fact that he, Hamlet accomplished his objective, and Laertes, the child of a fishmonger, didn't.

3 Blogs For Eating Cheap (And Healthy, Maybe)

3 Blogs For Eating Cheap (And Healthy, Maybe) by: Maya Itah on July 20, 2014 | 0 Comments Comments 142 Views July 20, 2014Though the relentless rise in the cost of college has slowed down a bit, getting a bachelor’s is still far more expensive than it was a decade ago: The price index   for tuition went up by almost 80% between 2003 and 2013—more than double the growth of the overall consumer price index during that timeframe, according to U.S. News. As a business major, you don’t want to set a bad example by relying on prepared food, do you? Making your own meals is way more economical. Even if you’re a freshman, you might want to shake up the dining hall defective-pizza-and-french-fries routine for the sake of your health. (True story: My alma mater once served up chicken salad pizza. Blegh.)   Luckily, there’s an entire section of the blogosphere dedicated to helping the broke and the busy eat well. Some of the blogs below focus on healt h more than others, but the recipes are all pretty cheap—and a few of them are possible to execute while sleep-deprived and/or drunk.  BUDGET BYTESBeth Moncel started Budget Bytes after earning a degree in nutritional science. In the process of studying, she spent â€Å"considerable time learning how to create healthy meals on low-income budgets,† she wrote in The Billfold. Using her expertise, she set a goal for herself: eating on less than $6 per day. Her experiment went even better than she’d anticipated: â€Å"At work, my delicious home-cooked lunches started to make my coworkers jealous,† she wrote. â€Å"While they ate soggy submarine sandwiches, I indulged in stir-fried ginger beef and fragrant jasmine rice. The ooohs and ahhs that erupted as I heated my homemade lunches let me know that I was onto something.† That’s how her blog was born. The economy had just tanked and the recipes were tasty; the blog got so popular that Moncel pu blished a cookbook. Fortunately, you can still get plenty of her recipes for free.  Example Recipe: Dragon Noodles4 oz. lo mein noodles $1.132 Tbsp butter $0.20 ¼ tsp crushed red pepper $0.021 large egg $0.251 Tbsp brown sugar $0.021 Tbsp soy sauce $0.021 Tbsp sriracha (rooster sauce) $0.081 handful fresh cilantro $0.221 sliced green onion $0.06Begin to boil water for the noodles. Once the water reaches a full boil, add the noodles and cook according to the package directions (boil for 5-7 minutes).While waiting for the water to boil, prepare the sauce. In a small bowl stir together the brown sugar, soy sauce, and sriracha.In a large skillet melt 2 tablespoons of butter over medium-low heat. Add the red pepper to the butter as it melts. Whisk an egg in a bowl and then add to the melted butter. Stir gently and cook through. Once the egg is done cooking, turn off the heat.When the noodles are tender, drain the water and then add them to the skillet with the cooked egg. Also add th e prepared sauce. Turn the heat on to low to evaporate excess moisture, and stir until everything is coated well with the sauce. Sprinkle the sliced green and cilantro leaves (whole) on top and serve! Page 1 of 212 »

Organic Chemistry Hydrocarbon Nomenclature Prefixes

The purpose of organic chemistry nomenclature is to indicate how many carbon atoms are in a chain, how the atoms are bonded together, and the identity and location of any functional groups in the molecule. The root names of hydrocarbon molecules are based on whether they form a chain or ring. A prefix to the name comes before the molecule. The prefix of the molecules name is based on the  number of carbon atoms. For example, a chain of six carbon atoms would be named using the prefix hex-. The suffix to the name is an ending that is applied that describes the types of chemical bonds in the molecule. An IUPAC name also includes the names of substituent groups (aside from hydrogen) that make up the molecular structure. Hydrocarbon Suffixes The suffix or ending of the name of a hydrocarbon depends on the nature of the chemical bonds between the carbon atoms. The suffix is -ane if all of the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds (formula CnH2n2), -ene if at least one carbon-carbon bond is a double bond (formula CnH2n), and -yne if there is at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (formula CnH2n-2). There are other important organic suffixes: -ol means the molecule is alcohol or contains the -C-OH functional group-al means the molecule is an aldehyde or contains the OC-H functional group-amine means the molecule is an amine with the -C-NH2 functional group-ic acid indicates a carboxylic acid, which has the OC-OH functional group-ether indicates an ether, which has the -C-O-C- functional group-ate is an ester, which has the OC-O-C functional group-one is a ketone, which has the -CO functional group Hydrocarbon Prefixes This table lists the organic chemistry prefixes up to 20 carbons in a simple hydrocarbon chain. It would be a good idea to commit this table to memory early in your organic chemistry studies. Organic Chemistry Prefixes Prefix Number ofCarbon atoms Formula meth- 1 C eth- 2 C2 prop- 3 C3 but- 4 C4 pent- 5 C5 hex- 6 C6 hept- 7 C7 oct- 8 C8 non- 9 C9 dec- 10 C10 undec- 11 C11 dodec- 12 C12 tridec- 13 C13 tetradec- 14 C14 pentadec- 15 C15 hexadec- 16 C16 heptadec- 17 C17 octadec- 18 C18 nonadec- 19 C19 eicosan- 20 C20 Halogen substituents are also indicated using prefixes, such as fluoro (F-), chloro (Cl-), bromo (Br-), and iodo (I-).  Numbers are used to identify the position of the substituent. For example,  (CH3)2CHCH2CH2Br is named 1-bromo-3-methylbutane. Common Names Be aware, hydrocarbons found as rings (aromatic hydrocarbons) are named somewhat differently. For example, C6H6 is named benzene. Because it contains carbon-carbon double bonds, the -ene suffix is present. However, the prefix actually comes from the word gum benzoin, which as an aromatic resin used since the 15th century. When the hydrocarbons are substituents, there are several common names you may encounter: amyl: substituent with 5 carbonsvaleryl: substituent with 6 carbonslauryl: substituent with 12 carbonsmyristyl: substituent with 14 carbonscetyl or palmityl: substituent with 16 carbonsstearyl: substituent with 18 carbonsphenyl: common name for a hydrocarbon with benzene as a substituent

Analysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby - 1533 Words

A Mirage in a Desert: The Duality of Dreams in The Great Gatsby Dreamers are those who dedicate themselves to bringing the world in their minds into reality, unwilling to accept compromise. Dreams are the realities that everyone holds in their minds giving their lives meaning and direction, but what happens when a dreamer dreams a dream far too grand for reality? Scott F. Fitzgerald critically examines the duality of dreams in The Great Gatsby, a story about a young gentleman trying to achieve the American Dream through the love of a wealthy girl from his past, and in The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald places a heavy significance in lights of various forms and sources as lights not only serve as symbols of deception and truth, but also as the†¦show more content†¦Just as light is conventionally depicted as an illuminating force due to its ability to reveal something even if darkness enshrouds it, Gatsby’s true desires behind his love for Daisy is revealed on the â€Å"sidewalk[which] was white with moonlight,† and â€Å"Out of the corner of his eye Gatsby saw that the blocks of the sidewalks really formed a ladder and mounted to a secret place above the trees†¦ and once there he could suck on the pap of life, gulp down the incomparable milk of wonder†(117). The sidewalk symbolizes Gatsby s true desire, which is to blime the social ladder due to the peculiarity of Fitzgerald comparing a sidewalk, which is an object one uses to travel horizontally, to a ladder, an object that one uses to travel vertically. Further, this image comes to Gatsby’s attention just as he is about to kiss Daisy whom, too, stood as the end of the sidewalk. Therefore, a parallel is drawn between Daisy and the â€Å"pap of life,† a purà ©e usually fed to newborns, implying that Daisy is a necessary nutrient to fueling Gatsby’s dream of becoming a member of the upper class. Prior to this passage, one is led to believe that Gatsby is simply lovesick due to Daisy’s unique physique and personality , but the fact that Gatsby has equated acquiring Daisy to acquiring his American dream is revealed by the moonlight as Gatsby was only able to see the sidewalk due to illumination from the moonlight. In this instance, light served to reveal truth, however, Fitzgerald also

Auditing and Assurance in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Based on the background information contained in the case, explain whether it will be necessary to use the work of an expert in the audit of DIPL. 2.Referring to the background information contained in the case, identify five factors that would influence your determination of the preliminary figure for overall materiality for the 2017 audit of DIPL. Answers: 1.Assessing whether there is need to use the services of an expert in the audit of Double Ink Printers Limited In this particular question, it is needed to evaluate whether there is a need to use the services of an expert in the audit of Double Ink Printers Limited (Soh Martinov-Bennie, 2015). As per the guidelines of International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, it is noted that there is need of an expert in auditing of financial statement of business enterprise. Several aspects need to be taken into account by auditors before examining material misstated figures at the time of planning for audit activities. Information should be present with the users and they should use it as evidence at the time of planning for audit as it forms significant part of expert work. It is the responsibility of the professionals and expert to have necessary information and knowledge so that they can review as well as guide the work efficiently. A proficient expert need to understand several matters and perform their job diligently to avoid further confusion and error in audit practices and list of this matter are mentioned below with proper justification: In situation when there is a need to value any of the complicated financial tools, Plant Equipment as well as acquired assets and any other things that is needed at the time looking at the normal course of business (Simnett, Carson Vanstraelen, 2016). These experts need to take decisions when business enterprise are required to value complex financial statements as well as impairment of assets and liabilities at the time of acquiring assets in business combination. Assessing unusual as well as complex issues of tax compliance In situation when actuarial liabilities is calculated in association with employee benefits plan as well as insurance contracts Interpreting different attributes such as regulations as well as contracts and laws Estimating gas as well as oil reserves (Simnett Huggins, 2015) Both clean-up costs as well as environmental liabilities is valued within specified time frame Issues faced by DIPL Need for an expert to carry out auditing activities Inventory obsolescence It is noted that the existing of allowance inventory obsolescence that is taken into consideration for covering an estimated value because of effects from storage hazards (Rahim Idowu, 2015). After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is seen that there is an occurrence of inventory allowance for obsolescence. It is due to storage vulnerability influence where there is decrease in value. Furthermore, payment of stock is performed at applicable currency of given country. The Board members together decided that allowance for inventory obsolescence as it need to written back at the same time. Therefore, the auditor of DIPL needs expert service for approximating value of obsolescence. It is due to value of the obsolescence of inventory that need to be checked within stipulated time frame. Depreciation of fixed assets The depreciation method used was straight-line depreciation method for allocating the cost for estimated useful lives of assets. In addition, an expert service is needed for measuring the impairment of assets along with depreciation. An expert will properly carry out the activities efficiently at the time of performing auditing practices (Moroney et al., 2014). 2.In this question, it is needed to explain the facts influencing calculation of preliminary figures on overall materiality. In order to perform this, materiality concept need to be known as it is one of the significant attributes that concern about faithful representation in the financial statements as in compliance with accounting standard (Moroney Trotman, 2016). After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is noted that the preliminary materiality figures are widely affected by major five factors that are mentioned below with proper justification. Identification of factors Underlying reasons behind finding relevance of several factors at the time of calculating or computing preliminary figures on overall materiality How the factors affect the preliminary figures for understanding the materiality in the planning process of audit activities Materiality concept that affect by fraud risk By evaluating the case, it is noted that the entire materiality of financial assertions of Double Ink Printers Limited can be negatively affected after identifying the critical factors like fraud risk (Knechel Salterio, 2016). At the time of preparing financial statements of DIPL, it is quite possible that the results may come with error or material misstated figures. In that case, misrepresenting the factors will directly result to some accounting projections that are actually irrational. At the time of applying basic accounting policies, it is needed to classify as well as value the statements that contain error disclosure of accounting information (Junior, Best Cotter, 2014) While evaluating the planning process, it is noted that the procedures used by implementing machines within business enterprise failed to satisfy the information technology manager (Hardy, 2014). The staff member at DIPL was under pressure, as they had to install the system for examining and reconciling purpose. after preliminary testing, it is detected that some of the transactions were not allocated within correct time frame Environmental aspects that affect materiality attributes After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is noted that several transactions were not taken into account at the time of preparing financial statements that took place may be because of mistake or human error. It may happen that the employees of Double Ink Printers Limited did the mistakes deliberately (Cohen Simnett, 2014). Effective planning pertains to attributes such as sales and marketing as it is inconsistent by nature. Even diverse macro as well as micro intentions was not evaluated by the Business Corporation It is noted that the transparency of DIPL financial statement largely affect by complexities in the process of appointing CEO of business enterprise. Materiality of financial statement affect by the factor if the decision maker does not have proper knowledge about the factors that influences business. After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is noted that DIPL failed to adopt proper method for presenting financial accounting as stated by macro as well as micro environmental factors after omitted figures. In addition, it is noted that financial report of DIPL can be affected properly because of high level of materiality as well as creating an impact on the audit planning process. Accounting policies that affect materiality attributes After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is noted that the valuation process of various types of raw materials as well as inputs used in the business was purely based on mechanism of average cost and even this was not measured in their accounting content. There was inappropriate use of valuation method where it implements average cost mechanism and increases the current cost. Impacts level several factors of materiality, as it is prevalent to inherent risk in business enterprise. It is noted that the administration of DIPL does not have any objectivity along with integrity. As a result, it is known that the produced result is likely to be material as well as influencing the decision. It is important to present financial statement with appropriate financial information as it is potentially be materially altered because of occurrence of fraudulent activities as it is driven by extreme pressure from employees (Carson, Fargher Zhang, 2016) It is noted that valuation of inventory process used for computing raw material was not suitable. The entire functional process of accounting was directly influenced by unsuitable as well as impractical assumptions and mechanism valuation. Factors relating with new process of accounts registration It is noted that the materiality of financial information of DIPL directly affected process for maintaining reorders of cash receipt by cashier of Business Corporation. It is the responsibility of the accountant to reconcile as well as prepare the accounts more efficiently at the ending period. Furthermore, materiality has the possibility to get influenced based on generation of revenue in a way by keeping into account other factors such as marketing as well as publishing and printing There are several factors that directly influences level of materiality and the accounting process need to be adopted by DIPL. The administration of DIPL needs to estimate as well as record raw materials in an effective way. It is needed to analyze raw materials that require assistance from the accounting process (Becker, Stead Stead, 2016). The entire pricess of maintaining records as well as details directly influences usage of electronic system for making transactions. It is because of improper recording of data as well as incapability of reconciling statements, it adversely lead to fall down of business activities further. This activity will influence the overall financial statement preparation because of existence of materiality of statement to solve several issues. Challenging CEO selection procedure After viewing the case study of DIPL, it is noted that appointing and selecting CEO of Business Corporation is quite complicated. In addition, there are even risk-associated links with the appointment process of accounting firms as well as transition power of CEO and William Jackson undertakes commencing of various activities as it. It is noted that the transparency of financial information as well as other factors of Business Corporation would affect complicated appointment of Chief Executive Officer. In addition, it would turn impact the decision maker negatively and materiality of the statement would be hugely affected It need complicated process of hiring as well as appointing Chief Executive Office within Business Corporation as it impact level of materiality. In addition, it is needed by business enterprise for employing transparent as well as filleted approach for appointing Chief Executive Officer. Reference List Becker, L. L., Stead, J. G., Stead, W. E. (2016). Sustainability Assurance: A Strategic Opportunity for CPA Firms.Management Accounting Quarterly,17(3), 29. Carson, E., Fargher, N., Zhang, Y. (2016). Trends in auditor reporting in Australia: A synthesis and opportunities for research.Australian Accounting Review,26(3), 226-242. Cohen, J. R., Simnett, R. (2014). CSR and assurance services: A research agenda.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(1), 59-74. Hardy, C. A. (2014). The messy matters of continuous assurance: Findings from exploratory research in Australia.Journal of Information Systems,28(2), 357-377. Junior, R. M., Best, P. J., Cotter, J. (2014). Sustainability reporting and assurance: A historical analysis on a world-wide phenomenon.Journal of Business Ethics,120(1), 1-11. Knechel, W. R., Salterio, S. E. (2016).Auditing: Assurance and risk. Taylor Francis. Moroney, R., Trotman, K. T. (2016). Differences in Auditors' Materiality Assessments When Auditing Financial Statements and Sustainability Reports.Contemporary Accounting Research,33(2), 551-575. Moroney, R., Campbell, F., Hamilton, J., Warren, V. (2014).Auditing: A Practical Approach. Wiley Global Education. Rahim, M. M., Idowu, S. O. (Eds.). (2015).Social Audit Regulation: Development, Challenges and Opportunities. Springer. Simnett, R., Huggins, A. L. (2015). Integrated reporting and assurance: where can research add value?.Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal,6(1), 29-53. Simnett, R., Carson, E., Vanstraelen, A. (2016). International Archival Auditing and Assurance Research: Trends, Methodological Issues, and Opportunities.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,35(3), 1-32. Soh, D. S., Martinov-Bennie, N. (2015). Internal auditors perceptions of their role in environmental, social and governance assurance and consulting.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(1), 80-111.

Problem Based Exercise †Law an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Problem Based Exercise – Law Question One Arthur had a right not to pay for Victor's expenses amounting to $1000 as agreed since he did not honor his agreement of buying any Pro Hart landscape style painting at the auction sale. There was a contract between Arthur and Victor that stated that Arthur was to pay Victor's expenses and a fee of $1000 if Victor succeeded in acquiring a Pro Hart Landscape Style painting. A contract is an agreement between two or more persons which is intended to create legally binding obligations. The word binding is used for there are some contracts which are valid and yet they are not enforceable. For this case, according to the contract, Arthur was to pay Victor's expense of attending an auction sale and a fee of $1000 if he bought any Pro Hart landscape style painting. Need essay sample on "Problem Based Exercise Law" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Arthur was not entitled to pay Victor the agreed some of money since he did not buy any Pro Hart landscape style painting as agreed as he instead bought one of Pro's Hart's child. Victor breached the contract. A contract may be breached by discharge or failure of one of the parties to a contract to perform his obligation under the contract. Although every breach of contract provides remedies to the innocent party, this does not necessarily discharge the contract. Thus, if a party breaks a term of contract going to its root, known as a condition, the other party will be released from his obligations under the contract, known as warranty; the innocent party will therefore not be released from performance and can only claim damages. But for this case, Arthur will only be released from his obligation under the contract. On the issue that Victor bought the painting believing to have been one of Pro Hart painting is under misrepresentation. The circumstance under which a contract, which is apparently complete and valid is vitiated are: mistake; misrepresentation; duress and undue influence. The presence of one of these factors in a contract renders the contract void or voidable. For example, a contract entered into due to a mistake of fact is void, while a contract effected by misrepresentation, duress or undue influence is voidable whereby it is set aside by one of the parties subject to certain conditions. The preliminary negotiations before a formal offer is made include statements of two kinds: those which become part of the contract, and are known as the terms of the contract and those which do not become terms of the contract, but nevertheless play an important role in including the parties entering into a contract. Such terms are known as mere representation if the representation is untrue. Misrepresentation does not render the contract void, but the party misled will be able to avoid the contract by proving that misrepresentation was of fundamental fact, not of law. A representation of law is not actionable merely because it turns out to be misleading or wrong. Where A tells B that a contract of guarantee, which subsequently proves unenforceable, B cannot sue A for fraudulent misrepresentation, as misrepresentation of law is not actionable. Misrepresentation occurs when a party to a contract is induced to contract with another by a misleading statement made by the second party. The false representation is not restricted to words, and may be made by the conduct of the parties. Misled person relies on his own judgment if the person on whom the fraud was practiced was not in actual fact deceived and acted on his own judgment, he has no legal ground to plead that he relied on the misrepresentation, even though he had been negligent. He can still get the contract set aside and claim damages. A relevant case studied is that of With vs. O'Flanagan of 1936. "In this case, With was induced to buy F's medical practice on the representation that it was worth 2000 a year. The representation was made in January, but the contract was completed in May. In the meantime, due to F's illness, his income from the practice was not more than 5 a week. It was held that the contract could have been avoided owing to F's failure to disclose the substantial reduction in his practice." As for the Arthur, he should give back the painting to the auctioneers since they misrepresented the painting to be that of Pro Harts and it actually turned out to be of his children. Question Two In the case between Carlill vs. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. of 1893, the company had advertised for a reward of 100 to anyone who was to contract influenza after using their smoke ball for a fortnight. Mrs. Carlill won the case since she bought the smoke and used them as prescribed and still contracted influenza. In this case, Carbolic Smoke Ball Company may argue that the advertisement was merely an advertising puff but not an offer. This was merely a way of advertising for their products and wanted just to induce people to buy their product by showing them that they were willing to pay that much in anyone contracted influenza after using their product. The reward in question was a very high amount and it was unreasonable for one to believe that he would be given such amount as advertised. Question Three On the case where Hedley sold his accountancy consultancy firm, there was a contract that was entered between Hedley and Dither. For this case, both parties were to honor their promise as per the contract failure to which the defaulting party can be sued for breach of contract. A contract which was intended to creating a legally binding obligation ought to be binding, failure to which, the contract will be enforceable by a court of law. When Hedley entered into an agreement with Dither during the sale of his business, there was an intention of creating a legal relation between them. For this case, they agreed that Hedley should not practice his accounting consultancy within a radius of 300 kilometers from Clare for a period of 4 years. Hedley breached this contract since he open a similar business in Gawler, approximately 70 kilometers from Clare. For this case, he ought to have open a similar office within that radius after 4 years had expired after the sale if his business. Dither should sue him for breach of contract and he will be entitled for remedies for breach of contract. In such circumstance the court will rule on an injunction since Hedley should not start a business with a radius of 300 kilometers from Clare since he was to interfere with the business he had sold to Dither. A relevant case on injunction was that of Warner Brothers vs. Nelson of 1937. "In this case N, a film actress was contracted to work for the plaintiff for one year, agreeing not to work for anyone else during that period. She made a breach of contract and worked for a rival company. The court refused to force N to work for the plaintiff, but an injunction was granted to prevent her from working with someone else." The court will not, however enforce contract by injunction if damages are a more suitable remedy since it can always award damages in lieu of an injunction. The best remedy available to Dither is an injunction so as to restrain Hedley from putting up a similar business with a radius of 300 kilometers as per the contract. References Bohnet, I., S. Huck and B. S. Frey (1999). More Order With Less Law: On Contract Enforcement and Crowding. Mimeo. Kennedy School of Law. Harvard University. Emanuel, S. L. (2004): Fundamental of Business Law, 4th Edn, New York, Educational Publisher Emerson R. W (2003): Business Law, 5th Edn, New York, Educational Publisher Jertz, A., Miller L. R, (2004): Fundamentals of Business Law, 3rd Edn, New York, Macmillan Publisher Kronman, A.T (1985); Contract Law and the State of Nature, Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, Vol. 1, No. 1 (spring, 1985), pp. 5-32 McKendrick, E. (2005): Contract Law: Text, Cases and Materials, Oxford: University Press Saleemi, N. A, (1992), Elements of Law, 2nd Edn, Nairobi, N.A, Saleemi Publishers Penrose, R (2005): Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe, New York, Longman Publisher

About Richard Neutra and the Architecture of Modernism

About Richard Neutra and the Architecture of Modernism Born and educated in Europe, Richard Joseph Neutra helped introduced the International Style to America, and also introduced Los Angeles design to Europe. His southern California firm envisioned many office buildings, churches, and cultural centers, but Richard Neutra is best known for his experiments in modern residential architecture. Background: Born: April 8, 1892 in Vienna, Austria Died: April 16, 1970 Education: Technical Academy, ViennaUniversity of Zà ¼rich Citizenship: Neutra became a US citizen in 1930, as the Nazis and Communists rose to power in Europe. Neutra is said to have studied with both Adolf Loos as a student in Europe and Frank Lloyd Wright when Neutra came to America in the 1920s. The simplicity of Neutras organic designs is evidence of this early influence. Selected Works: 1927-1929: Lovell House, Los Angeles, California1934: Anna Stern House, CA1934: Beard House, Altadena, CA1937: Miller House, Palm Springs, CA1946-1947: Kaufmann Desert House, Palm Springs, CA1947-1948: Tremaine House, Santa Barbara, CA1959: Oyler House, Lone Pine, CA1962: Cyclorama Building at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania1964: The Rice House, Richmond, Virginia Related People: Le CorbusierWalter GropiusPhilip JohnsonLudwig Mies van der RoheAdolf LoosFrank Lloyd WrightRudolf Schindler More About Richard Neutra: Homes designed by Richard Neutra combined Bauhaus modernism with Southern California building traditions, creating a unique adaptation that became known as Desert Modernism. Neutras houses were dramatic, flat-surfaced industrialized-looking buildings placed into a carefully arranged landscape. Constructed with steel, glass, and reinforced concrete, they were typically finished in stucco. The Lovell House (1927-1929) created a sensation in architectural circles in both Europe and America. Stylistically, this important early work was similar to the work of Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe in Europe. Architecture Professor Paul Heyer wrote that the house was a landmark in modern architecture in that it showed the potential of industry to go way beyond mere utilitarian considerations. Heyer describes the Lovell House construction: It began with a prefabricated light steel frame that was erected in forty hours. The floating floor planes, constructed of expanded metal reinforced and covered by concrete applied from a compressed air gun, were suspended by slender steel cables from the roof frame; they express the changes of floor level strongly, following the contours of the site. The swimming pool, at the lowest level, was also suspended within the steel frame, from U-shaped reinforced concrete cradles.- Architects on Architecture: New Directions in America by Paul Heyer, 1966, p. 142 Later in his career, Richard Neutra designed a series of elegant pavilion-style homes composed of layered horizontal planes. With extensive porches and patios, the homes appeared to merge with the surrounding landscape. The Kaufmann Desert House (1946-1947) and the Tremaine House (1947-48) are important examples of Neutras pavilion houses. Architect Richard Neutra was on the cover of Time magazine, August 15, 1949, with the heading, What will the neighbors think?   The same question was asked of southern California architect Frank Gehry when he remodeled his own house in 1978. Both Gehry and Neutra had a confidence that many took as arrogance. Neutra, in fact, was nominated for an AIA Gold Medal during his lifetime, but was not awarded the honor until 1977- seven years after his death. Learn More: Neutra: Complete WorksThe Oyler House: Richard Neutras Desert Retreat directed by Mike Dorsey, DVD, 46 minutesRichard Neutra: And The Search for Modern Architecture by Thomas S. Hines, Rizzoli, 2006Neutra by Barbara Lamprecht, 2004Richard Neutra: Mà ¶bel Furniture by Barbara Lamprecht, 2015Life and Shape: The Autobiography of Richard NeutraThe Drawings of Richard Neutra by Thomas S. Hines, Architectural Digest, February 28, 1993

Is US foreign policy driven by oil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Is US foreign policy driven by oil - Essay Example The U.S. foreign policy is thus energy driven and security driven and these factors are integrated to exhibit the American dominance over the world (Bromley, S 2005 p.225 - 227). ‘Blood for oil’ is the term coined by social and political analysts to explain the overt actions of the United States to secure the oil fields in the Middle East. Michael Klare critises the national security policy of United States in Blood and oil. The author argues that the military and foreign policy of US has been driven by the need to ensure a safe method to source foreign oil specifically from the Middle East. Dependence on oil from foreign sources is continuously gowing and the US forces are deemed to fight to secure oil producing nations and supply routes. It is further argued that even if the United States diversifies its foreign oil supply sources, there is very less probability that the dependence on Gulf oil would reduce and the diversifiication of sources may increase the probablities of American involvement in conflict in other parts of the world. In the race to secure major shares of oil from other competitive nations, the U.S. is also highly probable to engage in war with China and Russia. Klare concludes by suggesting methods to reduce the costs involved for oil dependence that comes in the way of war and disharmony. The alternative methods suggested include a better national energy strategy of integrity and autonomy that detaches its method to secure energy from security obligations to governments abroad, reduction of oil consumption and to speed up methods to develop alternative energy sources. In short, Klare critices the foreign policy of U.S. that brings in consequences that are much underappreciated (Klare,M 2004). The national interest of United States is to remove any encumbrances or obstacles that obstruct the Americans in their pursuit for a better living and happiness. In

Life History of an Elderly Person Anthropology of Aging Essay

Life History of an Elderly Person Anthropology of Aging - Essay Example Collecting and preserving first-hand information about a person is the aim of oral history, alongside making it available to researchers. Researchers should give careful attention to equipment selection, legal and ethical issues, and processing techniques which all characterize the oral history process (Sommer and Quinlan, 2002: 1). This paper ultimately aims to answer the question, "Can a particular theory of ageing help explain aging in mainstream culture" Mr. WB is a 71-year old retired and divorced Irish-American man who presently lives in Illinois. Before proceeding to his actual life history, it is deemed important as well to mention his vital physical characteristics, as they might contribute to further analyzing health associations. He measures 5'9" in height, weighs 200 lbs., has impaired vision due to a developing cataract in both eyes, and has thinning white hair. The interview process was undertaken at daytime in his rented apartment, in which the informant expressed willingness to participate in order to fulfill the purposes of this paper, and requested for anonymity which shall be the case nonetheless. The interview took place for about two and a half hours. Mr. WB's Life from Birth to Present Mr. WB was born on June 29, 1937 in an Irish family who decided to settle in Salem, Oregon and moved to Illinois after seven years. He is second in the siblings of four, in which he has two brothers and a sister. His father, a tailor, died of a heart attack when he was eleven, and his mother, a nursing aid who never remarried, became a lone parent since. Because of poor economic condition, none among the four was able to make it through college and Mr. WB himself managed to finish through the ninth grade only. Mr. WB had his first sexual encounter when he was fifteen, with a girl he was fondly infatuated. This rite to passage made him want to explore more things, such as chasing girls and trying 'new stuffs' like smoking, going to the woods to hunt squirrels, and working in a local burger stand upon turning sixteen. He met Ms. EW when he was nineteen, felt he was in love, wanted to spend the rest of his life with her, and finally got married. The first few months of their marriage were happy and memorable. Ms. EW, now Mrs. WB, had two miscarriages occurring both in the first trimester of pregnancy. The second miscarriage, which almost took her life, made the couple decide not to have a child at all anymore. Mr. WB worked as a clerk at a local manufacturing firm while Mrs. WB stayed at home for a while and took care of the household chores and decided to work at a nursing home after a few years. Twenty-eight years ago, Mr. WB, who was 50 by then, had an illicit relationship with a younger woman in their office which was later discovered by his wife. The affair had been going on for almost a year upon the discovery. The woman, a 25-year old co-worker, was

The Adventure of the Speckled Band Essay Example for Free

The Adventure of the Speckled Band Essay It is fear; it is terror that sent me to London today. I was so agitated my face is surely drawn and grey with restless, frightened eyes because I have been unable to sleep for many a week now. I explained my sickening worries to Mr Holmes. He seemed very kind, knowledgeable and understanding which comforted me immensely. As before I felt like a hunted animal without knowing my stalker.  I good few years ago a good a friend of mine Mrs Farintosh had Mr Holmes remedy a problem of hers. This is where I got the idea to go and find him in London. My stepfather, always a difficult man, has become increasingly erratic, making me nervous and on edge anyway. My concerns started two days ago when I had to sleep in my sisters room as repairs had started in mine. My darling sister died in this bed. How I could I be expected to feel. Shudders of racking fear coursed through my veins. Indeed I would rather sleep anywhere but here .Sleep was far away last night but my sluggish senses could not fail to hear a low whistle. I can be certain it must have been the same sound my bewildered sister heard the night she died. Instinctively I reached for my lamp but I swear to God there was nothing there. Sleep eluded me from then on but at first light I made my way to London, praying that Mr Holmes could help me. He made me tell my story as best I could. At first I found the telling easy as we talked of times long ago when Dr Roylett was married to my dear mother.  Discussing how he seemed to lose his mind after my mothers passing was not so easy, but the worst was putting in to words the last few hours of my sisters life. That night we girls sat talking in my room, mainly of her approaching wedding. As she turned to enter her room she asked me the strangest question Tell me Helen, have you ever heard someone whistling in the dead of night? We discussed this and I suggested that it must have been the gypsies in the plantation. As usual we locked ourselves into our bedrooms because of the nature of the Drs Pets. I will never, ever forget that night. I had a feeling of premonition; a vague feeling of impending misfortune which I can only presume was because my sister and I are twins, with such links that are well known. The wind was howling and splashing against the windows. Amid all the hubbub of the gale, there burst forth the wild scream of a terrified woman. I knew that it was my sisters voice. I ran to her room and caught her before she fell to the floor. She writhed as one in who is in terrible pain and her limbs were dreadfully convulsed. I shall forget her final words, It was the band! The speckled band! We tried to revive her with brandy, for my stepfather had now arrived but she slowly sank and died. There was nothing more to do.  I feel some relief from pressure now that I have shared this story with Mr Holmes. I pray that he will be able to solve the mystery of my darling sister death.

The Importance of the Earl of Kent in Shakespeares King Lear Essays

The Importance of the Earl of Kent in King Lear   Ã‚   The Earl of Kent plays a small but important part in Shakespeare's play King Lear. From the beginning scenes to the end we see a minor character that is used to show the values that Shakespeare believed in. Whether Kent is an example of the dutiful servant or plays the intermediary between Lear and Cordelia he is essential to the functioning of the plot.    The role of Kent is important because of the use Shakespeare has for his character in giving the reader an example of what the values are in the play. In Kent the reader sees a man who is loyal to his King but is not blind to the wrong that this King has committed Kent is also able to defend his King even though he has been banished by him. Kent is an example of a dutiful servant and a symbol of reason. The reader discovers Kent's willingness to protect his King in the first scene. After Lear has had his daughter's display their love in a pubic competition Kent tries to persuade him that Cordelia "does not love him least" and that Lear should think about banishing her. Kent is trying to protect the King from his emotions and the decision that they have led him to. But Lear does not listen and instead banishes Kent from the Kingdom. His banishment is a result of another emotional outburst on the part of the King. If Lear were to look rationally at his actions and what his daughters have said he would realize his folly. Instead he is enraged by Kent and thinks that he is challenging his authority.    Even after he has been banished Kent goes back to protect Lear. He sees that the King is headed for trouble. He has let his emotions guide his actions. He has abandoned reason, and Kent is present as a reas... ... example of what is right and to show how powerful duty is. Without Kent the play would take a completely different course. He is able to connect the King's madness with the loss of reason that Lear displays in the first scene. Kent is a representative of Lear before he lost his power.    The actions of Kent are connected to the main plot of the play. He is present in almost all of the scenes in which Lear shows his descent from power into madness. The reader is able to make connections in the plot because of the presence of Kent. The reader also sees the strong moral messages of the plot through the character of Kent. Kent is the embodiment of honor and duty. These themes are needed in order to keep the story complete.       Works Cited and Consulted   Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of King Lear.   Ed. Russell Fraser.   New York: Penguin, 1998.

Historic Preservation and Environmental Conservation Essay

The preservation of historic sites and other historic artifacts is said to be significant if a society or a community values its heritage that paved the way to how far the society has reached. Historic preservation implies raising the public’s awareness regarding historical objects so as to ensure that these objects will be well taken care of through time. It is not only that these historic objects serve the purpose of reminding the public of their history and from where their society came from long before the present generation existed. It is also that these objects of historical value serve the purpose of providing an insight into the past which could very well contribute to the knowledge of the larger society, teaching lessons and principles from the past that still apply in contemporary times. As Donovan Rypkema explains, historic preservation â€Å"revitalizes and revalues the nearby existing investment of both the public and private sectors (1999, March). † However, there are criticisms against the purposes from which historic preservation is founded. For the most part, preserving large infrastructures that no longer meet the modern architectural standards faces the challenge of justifying the preservation of such historic architectures especially when health hazards to the general public are involved. Another consideration is when historic objects take a huge chunk of finances in maintaining their conditions through decades, if not centuries. While it is certainly convincing to say that the preservation of objects and landmarks that share a sizeable history of a community or a society is important, there remains the challenge of allocating the proper finances and other resources in order to address the task of preserving such objects through time. Moreover, the external conditions which are beyond the control of humanity such as the various forces of weather pose significant threats to the preservation of historical objects which further increase the allocated resources required to fulfill the task of preserving such objects. Nevertheless, the thought that historic preservation might demand for a huge share of resources while risking the health of the public to a certain extent does not necessarily entail that the task of preservation should be abandoned quite easily. Efforts to weigh and mitigate the competing public interests are equally paramount in order to bring about a shared sense for history. That goal can be done in various ways, from legislative efforts in the government to the collaboration of the government sphere with the sphere of private individuals and organizations. Historic preservation can overlap with environmental conservation precisely because these two things are interconnected in some areas. For instance, an effort to hinder the demolition of an ancient landmark to give way for the construction of a modern edifice is connected with the preservation of the natural resources surrounding the landmark. On the other hand, an effort to conserve the remaining flora and fauna in a tropical region can help in securing the area’s present condition which can give way to the preservation of the cultural heritage of the people whose ancestors have lived in the area many years back. In essence, any attempt to preserve history has a corresponding effect on the conservation of what remains of the environment and vice versa. In a more general sense, preserving historic sites and objects creates an impact on the demand of human beings on the resources of the world. That is, as old buildings and other significant landmarks are destroyed and are replaced with new structures, the environment surrounding the area is altered. Especially in cases where the historic landmark that is to be destroyed is situated in an environment teeming with natural resources such as trees and wildlife which local folks depend on for their daily needs to live, destroying the site will also alter the ecological footprint of these people in certain cases. Connecting Historical Preservation and the Environment Conservation The preservation of history and the conservation of the environment come hand in hand in many ways, one of which is the case where the demolition of an existing historic landmark so as to give space for a new building to be constructed requires the alteration of the current geographic and environmental location of the landmark. For example, the historic landmark may be a 19th century railway station which has been used until the beginning of the 21st century in America. The historic value of the railway station may come from the fact that it was the means of long-distance transportation of the people during those times, and that it was the first of its kind in the whole world. It may also come from the fact that the railway station is one which symbolized the beginning of the era of American interstate transportation, and that the landmark was built from the rising demands for an effective and efficient way of providing a cheaper transportation system in America. It may also come from the fact that the landmark has been built by the local people and, thus, the railway station stands as the concrete proof, literally and figuratively, of the common desires of the people and of the unity of the public consciousness during those times. With those things in mind, it can then be said that the railway station’s historic value justifies its preservation. If the landmark is to be destroyed, a portion of American history will vanish with it and that those who labored for its realization after years and years of work will soon just become another page in history books never to be seen firsthand by the generations to come. The part where the environmental conservation aspect comes in is the part where the actual demolition of the landmark transpires. The mere fact that in order to build a new edifice right on the spot where the railway station is built implies that the railway station has to be demolished. Architectural and engineering considerations oftentimes require not only a major altering of the exact location where the landmark is situated but also an altering of the vicinity around the landmark which in this example is the railway station. In the process of demolishing the old structure and building a new one in place of it, trees might be cut down, fertile topsoil might need to be excavated and replaced with cement, and wild animals might be driven away from their habitat just to name a few. Moreover, the debris and other wastes resulting from the demolition of historic infrastructures poses threats to the environment (The Greenest Building). However, if the historic site is retained and the goal of establishing a new edifice in its place is abandoned, there will be no need to cut the trees, to dig the fertile topsoil and to drive away wildlife from their dwelling place. In the end, the status quo of the environment around the old railway station is maintained and, thus, there will be no ecological concerns. Ecological Footprint First used by William Rees and Mathis Wackernagel in the early 1990s, the concept of â€Å"ecological footprint† involves the measurement of the demand of human beings over the ecosystems of the planet. With the planet’s capacity to regenerate its land and water resources, ecological footprint compares the consumption of natural resources with that capacity. Moreover, if all human beings lived a given lifestyle, then it is possible to know exactly how much human demand is being provided for by the planet’s ecosystem through its numerous natural resources in order to support humanity’s existence. Does historic preservation have an effect on one’s ecological footprint? Apparently, there is no easy answer to this question simply because it is not always the case that historic preservation affects one’s ecological footprint. Neither is it always the case that historic preservation does not affect one’s ecological footprint. Simply put, historic preservation may or may not entirely affect one’s ecological footprint depending on the circumstances. The calculation of the ecological footprint for areas with dense population, for instance, is said to lead to the perception that such populations are â€Å"parasitic† because small cities or countries with a huge population have little internal capacity to generate and regenerate its biological resources especially biological resources on the land to provide for its large population. Moreover, the ecological footprint would indicate that these small cities and countries might depend on the hinterlands just to meet the demands for natural resources for its dense population. Since historic preservation basically involves the preservation of historic sites and the objects that may be found in these sites, cities such as the first-class and heavily industrialized ones with historic sites may choose to demolish such sites in order to put commercial infrastructures in its place. And since these cities already depend largely on the hinterlands for its needs of natural resources, there will be a very minimal effect, if not a negligible one, on the ecological footprint of the whole city. There are instances, however, where historic preservation directly affects the ecological footprints of certain groups of people or certain societies. In the case of the people living in the hinterlands and where there are several historical sites which have been left untouched for several years by commercial or business ventures, the obliteration of local historic landmarks such as famous barns and classic farmhouses built in earlier times would alter the current state of the environment. For instance, removing the barns and farmhouses in order to give way to the construction of a new highway affects the production capacity of the locality in making use of the natural resources. Moreover, the construction of a new highway makes the lands in the hinterlands more accessible for capitalist ventures such as the creation of houses and other commercial infrastructures—like wood gathering facilities—in place of the barns and farms. These things would eventually lessen the natural resources available in the land while increasing the size of the population of the locality at the same time. Thus, the failure to preserve historic sites in the hinterlands, for instance, causes the alteration of the consumption rate of the natural resources by the hinterland’s population of both wildlife and the people. This in turn leads to an alteration in the capacity of the ecosystem in the hinterland to generate and regenerate its natural resources since an increase in the demand of resources such as land, water, plants and other animals and a decrease in the locations where the ecosystem can continue to regenerate its resources distorts the balance between the supply and demand for such resources. The hinterlands or the wilderness truly indeed have benefits, specifically from providing critical habitat for endangered animals to maintaining the important biological diversity (Wilderness Society, 2004, p. 1) In essence, the extent of the influence of historic preservation on the ecological footprint of a given population depends on whether or not the population lives in small cities or countries that rely on the resources found outside of their immediate territories to supply their population’s demands. A small city with a dense population that primarily depends on its neighboring hinterlands in meeting its needs for resources may not be directly and largely affected either by the failure or the success of efforts to preserve historic sites situated within its boundaries. On the other hand, a small town with a dense population that largely depends on its internal natural resources and barely depends on the resources coming from other towns will be greatly affected by the demolition of historic landmarks found at its vicinity. The removal of such landmarks for the intent of expanding the commercialization of the town will decrease the natural resources available and, thus, decreasing the resources that would have been regenerated by the town’s ecosystem. Depending on the existing demands, the size of the population and the location of historical sites, historic preservation may nonetheless affect ecological footprints. Demand and supply Conventional wisdom reveals that a high demand for natural resources requires a high supply of those resources as well. The interconnection between historical preservation and environmental conservation is further highlighted with the connection between the demand for resources and nature’s supply of resources. As more heritage sites and cultural landmarks are destroyed in order to give way to the construction of more modern buildings and sites, and while more farmlands are being transformed into residential and commercial areas, the supply of natural resources continue to dwindle. This is because the ecological footprint would reveal how the ecosystem is continuously losing the resources to generate and regenerate, outpaced largely by human consumption. On another note, the demand for knowledge about the heritage and history of peoples and societies is always present whereas the supply of the original sources of such history and heritage is on the decline. For instance, constant looting of ancient tombs in Egypt brings a decline in the artifacts which can be used for further investigative study and research on Egypt’s rich history. As a result, knowledge that could have been eventually derived from such artifacts never gets to reach the awareness of the public. Nevertheless, there are current efforts to preserve what is left of the Egyptian tombs and other important historical sites in Egypt (Aslan, 2007). Historic preservation and environmental conservation are two important factors in the existence of mankind. They not only give the people a sense of history and an attachment to the biosphere—more importantly, both things also give the people a sense of responsibility over the things that provide them sustenance to their physical and mental lives. While the preservation of historical objects and the conservation of the environment are tasks that require concerted efforts and a huge volume of tasks to be completed, the benefits at the end of it all far outweigh the challenges that may stand against the way of humanity. References Aslan, R. (2007). Rescuing Cairo’s Lost Heritage. Islamica Magazine, 15. Rypkema, D. (1999, March). Historic Preservation is Smart Growth. Speech presented at National Audubon Society of New York s Conference on Smart Growth, New York. The Greenest Building (2008). The Greenest Building is the One Already Built. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from < http://www. thegreenestbuilding. org/> Wilderness Society (2004). FACTS: National Wilderness Protection System: 1.

Effects Of Divorce In The Family - 912 Words

Divorce changes the family unit The family is an important part of our life, it is where we belong and where we get our identities from. For me, family means people that love each other, a strong connection and a long lasting relationship. The family is the most important value who shaped my life. The traditional family means parents, children, and relatives. In our days there are a significantly changes that affect the family unit. One of the frequent changes is divorce. The raising of divorce is painful because divorce has negative effects not only for the adults but also for the children, and as a result, it affects the family structure by creating broken homes. Divorce is a life changing experience. When any†¦show more content†¦Children should have pleasant memories about their parents, for example, a vacation spent together, instead of memories as going to court because of divorce. White describes in â€Å"Once More to the Lake† a beautiful place from his childhood where he uses to spent the summer vacation with his family, which resulted in a stronger relationship with his father. He recalls, â€Å"It is strange how much you can remember about a place like the one you allow your mind to return into the grooves which lead back. You remember one thing, and suddenly remind you of another thing† (White, E.B. ). This type of place solidify the relationships in the family unit, and it encourages families to spend more time together. Secondly, divorce affects family relationships. When parents divorce, the primary effect is a decline in the relationship between parents and children. After the divorce, the judge set up rules about the custody and how parents can keep the contact with their children. The new rules, the new family structure, the new life may enormously change parents children relationship. Parents should be guides for their children, should be the wind beneath the wing s. Children need to receive unconditional love and, the guidance of their parent should be the base of their life. In â€Å"The Inheritance of Tools† Sanders explained how his father guided him trying to teach him how to use a hammer.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Divorce On A Family1489 Words   |  6 Pages Divorce is a significant stressor for an individual and the family. Divorce has immediate consequences on the family structure and affects the psychological and social construct of a family going through divorce (McManus Nussbaum, 2011, p. 501). There is no doubt that families involved in divorce procedures have a challenging road ahead of them in terms of adapting to a new normal. Depending on the circumstances of the divorce, communication is a central component of minimizing the stress associatedRead MoreDivorce and its effects on family4847 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿ Divorce and its effects on family Kirsten Jackson University of Maryland Eastern Shore Divorce is defined as â€Å"the formal dissolution of marriage† (Collins, 1978, p. 1). Nearly half of marriages end in divorce. There could be various reasons as to why a relationship diminishes. These reasons could include premarital cohabitation or in other words living together before marriage, marrying at a young age, and finally the presence of children. All three of these reasons are saidRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Family Members1706 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce affects family members in many different ways, both positive and negative. 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So to answer your questions Dr. Phil, I have put together a report from many different books, articles and studies on the effects on a childRead MoreThe Effects of Parental Relationship and Parent-Child Relationship on Adolescents’ Self-Esteem in Divorce Family5062 Words   |  21 PagesThe Effects of Parental Relationship and Parent-Child Relationship on Adolescents’ Self-esteem in Divorce Family Abstract Past western researches have shown support on the associations of parental and parent-child relationships towards adolescents’ self-esteem (SE) in intact and divorce families. Some theories attributed that the qualities of these relationships do have influences on how adolescent evaluate themselves. Our research proposal will analyze the effects of these two relationshipsRead MoreHow Divorce Has Changed Changing Society1491 Words   |  6 Pagesanalyze correlation, causation, and effect. One topic that has benefited from the use of statistics to measure its effects is divorce. 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